Towards a model for structured mass movements: the OpenLISEM hazard model 2.0a

Abstract. Mass movements such as debris flows and landslides differ in behaviour due to their material properties internal forces. Models employ generalized multi-phase flow equations adaptively describe these complex types. Such models commonly assume unstructured fragmented flow, where cohesive strength is insignificant. In this work, existing work on two-phase mass movement are extended include a full stress–strain relationship that allows for runout of (semi-)structured fluid–solid masses. The provides both the three-dimensional depth-averaged simplifications. implemented hybrid point method (MPM), which efficient simulation relationships discrete smooth particles. Using framework, developed model compared several flume experiments clay blocks impacting fixed obstacles. Here, final deposit patterns fractures compare well simulations. Additionally, numerical tests performed showcase range dynamical produced by model. Important processes fracturing, fragmentation fluid release captured While an important step towards complete models, new opportunities arise, application fragmenting block slides.